Soil Mechanics : Introduction

Soil Mechanics OR Geotechnical Engineering :- Introduction

- Father of soil Mechanics :- Dr.Karl Terzaghi
- Study of Soil is Called :- Pedology
- The process of formation of soil is termed as :- Pedogenesis

1. Scope of Soil Engineering :- 

- Foundation engineering, Retaining structure, stability of slopes, underground structure, pavement Design, Earth Dam, Canal construction, etc.

2. Origin of Soil :-

- Soil is formed by weathering of Rocks.

Residual soils ( or Sedentary soil ):-
- Residual soils are found at the same location where they have been formed.

Transported Soils :-
- When a soil has seen deposited at a place away from the place of its origin, it is called a Transported soil.


3. Formation of soils 

 (i) Physical Disintegration
 (ii) Chemical Decomposition

I. Physical Disintegration :-
a. Temperature Changes ( Thermal expansion )
b. Frost
c. Growth of plants roots
d. Abrasion ( Splitting action of wind, air, ice, etc. )
e. Seismic vibration ( Earthquake )
f. Animals ( Bore Hole, Boring )

II. Chemical Decomposition :-
a. Hydration [ Reaction with H2O (Hydrogen oxide) ]
b. Carbonation [ Reaction with CO2 (Carbon dioxide) ]
c. Oxidation :- [ oxidation occurs when oxygen ions combine with minerals in rocks. ]
d. Leaching Action [ Reaction with Acids ]
e. Hydrolysis :- [ It is a chemical process in which water gets dissociated into H+ and OH- ions. ]
- [ The Hydrogen Cations replace the metallic ions such as calcium, sodium and potassium in rock minerals and soil are formed with a new chemical decomposition. ]


📌Soil Mechanics Notes till now :- ðŸ“„ ðŸ‘ˆ Click
Complete Soil mechanics Notes :- update soon...
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