Mechanical Properties of Materials | Physical Properties of Materials
List of mechanical properties of materials:
1. Elasticity
2. Plasticity
3. Strength
3. Ductility
4. Malleability
5. Brittleness
6. Hardness
7. Toughness
8. Fatigue
9. Creep
10. Resilience
11. Stiffness
1. Elasticity
Elasticity is the property of solid materials to return to the original shape and size after the forces deforming them have been removed.
2. Plasticity
Plasticity is a mechanical property of materials that shows the ability to deform under stress without breaking while retaining the deformed shape after the load is lifted.
3. Strength
Strength is the Ability of material to resist the action of external force without rupture or breaking. the tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength and shear strength represents the strength of a materials.
4. Ductility
Ductility is the property of material by virtue of which it can be drawn into wires before rupture.
5. Malleability
Malleability is the property of a material by virtue of which it can be beaten or rolled into thin sheets without rupture.
6. Brittleness
Brittleness is the property of a material to break without being significantly distorted. or Lack of ductility is brittleness.
7. Toughness
The property of a material by virtue of which it can resist impact load or absorb mechanical energy upto fracture.
8. Fatigue
Fatigue is the Deterioration of material under repeated cycles of load only when the stress are at endurance limit or above.
Repetition of load(cyclic loading)
Endurance Limit: Endurance limit is the maximum stress below which a material can withstand infinite number of cycles of stress.
Fatigue is a phenomenon leading to fracture under repeated applied stress.
9. Creep
Time dependent rate of plastic deformation due to constant or dead load.
10. Resilience
It is the property of materials to resist shock and impact load.
Material can absorb energy when deform elastically.
11. Stiffness
Stiffness is the property of material to resist deformation cause by forces.
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FAQ: (Frequently Ask Questions):
Q1. Define Elasticity?
Answer: Elasticity is the ability of a deformable body (exanple: steel) to resist a distorting effect and to return to its original size and shape when that influence or force is removed.
Q2. What is Plasticity?
Answer: Plasticity is the property of a material by virtue of which permanent deformation of the material takes place after removal of load.
Q3. What do mean by Elasticity?
Answer: Elasticity is the property of a material by virtue of which it returns to its original dimension during unloading.
Q4. Name the different test for the mechanical properties of materials:
Answer: Tension test, Compression test, Torsion test, Impact test(Izod impact test and Charpy impact test) and Fatigue test.